Any surgical alteration of the brain designed to bring about desirable behavioral or emotional changes is referred to as

Bea tells her mother that she is feeling sad and depressed because her boyfriend broke up with her without giving a reason why. Given what you know about developmental psychology, what would be an appropriate response back from her mother?

a. "You are likely to feel worthless, great guilt, lonely and worried." b. "It is common to feel sad and down after a major disappointment or rejection in love." c. " I am sorry, this will last at least six months." d. "You are likely to feel this way for at least a year."

Dr. Davenport gives all her classes 45 minutes to complete their psychology test regardless of if the class meets for 50 minutes, 75 minutes, or even 3 hours. Such a technique ensures test

a. reliability. b. validity. c. norms. d. standardization