What type of furlough is precipitated by a shutdown in appropriations, as was the case in 2013?

The adversarial system in judicial decision making depends on quality of argument on each side, which means it often depends on the capabilities of attorneys

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

Which of the following statements regarding urban machines and party ballots is false? a. The party name attached to a party organization provided a banner under which the organization's localcandidates sought office

b. Some parties controlled a newspaper in a city to promote the organization and its candidates. c. Ballots printed by parties not only allowed secrecy in voting, but also blocked recent immigrants from voting. d. Political parties played almost no role in American elections during the mid-nineteenth century.