Research that assessed the role of stress in people's lives suggests that ____
a. most children are sufficiently resilient so that exposure to stress has little predictive value for depression later in life
b. severity, chronicity, onset, and type of stress interact in causing depression
c. encountering stress early in life helps children develop defenses for averting depression later in life
d. stress early in life is only predictive of depression later in life for children who are genetically vulnerable
B
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Rhonda loves going to visit her grandmother Elsa. No matter how stressful Rhonda's life might be, the moment she arrives Elsa gives her a big hug and makes everything feel better. Which type of reinforcement schedule is Elsa practicing?
a. continuous reinforcement b. intermittent reinforcement c. fixed interval reinforcement d. variable ratio reinforcement
Measuring how vigorously infants suck a nipple in the presence of different voices to determine if infants recognize the voice of their mother utilizes a(n):
A) systematic desensitization test. B) Strange Situation test. C) operational definition. D) correlational design.