According to Vaihinger, are all we can be certain of

Which of the following statements about rheumatoid arthritis is true?

A) Almost all older adults show some signs of the condition on X-rays. B) It is sometimes called "degenerative joint disease" or "wear-and-tear" arthritis. C) Although it can strike at any age, it rises after age 60. D) Symptoms cannot be relieved with analgesic medication.

Many members of ethnic minorities resist traditional treatment approaches to alcoholism

because ______. a. these approaches have not been shown to work with members of ethnic minorities b. these approaches do not work as well as "home-grown" methods of treatment c. they are not interested in treatment for something that is only considered a problem in white society d. they feel excluded from full participation in society