Based on labor-market studies using regression analysis, once productivity-related characteristics are accounted for, the remaining wage gap between young and educated women and men is approximately

Suppose the market for oranges is perfectly competitive and unregulated. Suppose also that the chemicals used to keep the oranges insect-free damage the environment by an estimated $1 per bushel of oranges. Suppose QD = 1000 - 100P and QS = -100 + 100P. The market equilibrium quantity is

a. 400 b. 450 c. 500 d. 550

Pete throws leftover bread onto his front lawn because he enjoys watching the pigeons feeding. His neighbor John is not happy about the pigeons, since they leave a mess on his property. This is an example of a nice gesture causing a

a. negative externality b. public good c. positive externaility d. third-party benefit e. free-rider outcome