Every time Jarrad opens his cigarette case or uses his lighter, he gets a painful electric shock
Jarrad's friends and family have been asked not to give him any cigarettes or light any cigarettes for him, so he must use his own lighter if he wants to smoke. Eventually, Jarrad loses his desire to smoke, thanks to ______.
a) negative transference
b) behavioral contracting
c) systematic desensitization
d) aversion therapy
ANS: D, Jarrad learns to associate a behavior, smoking, with an unpleasant stimulus, the electric shock.
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Your analyst tells you that the reason you cannot remember your early childhood is because you have repressed it. According to Sigmund Freud, unconscious, repressed experiences
a. have never really existed. b. can easily be brought into conscious awareness. c. are no longer threatening. d. can still influence your behavior.
By _____ years, children are able to apply gender labels correctly
A) 1 ½ B) 2 C) 2 ½ D) 3