When setting up an experiment, researchers must define a variable in one of two ways. One can define variables in terms of:

a. message features and observed effects
b. message features and intended effects
c. observed effects and message length
d. observed effects and message valence

a. message features and observed effects

Communication & Mass Media

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Which of the following did Alfred Hitchcock believe to be "the kiss of death at the box office"?

a. analyzing the audience for a film b. too little action in a film c. symbolic interpretations of a film d. all of above

Communication & Mass Media

The most important ingredient in soap opera success is

a. stability in character casting b. nonclearances c. a hit pilot episode d. viewer commitment e. casting

Communication & Mass Media