Under what circumstances can a researcher ask for a waiver of the informed consent process?

A) When working with children it's only important to secure the parent's permission. In
such cases, minors are obligated to participate; thus, the researcher can waive their
consent process.
B) Because prisoners have lost most rights, one can bypass the general rules for informed
consent when working with such populations.
C) Research in which the experimenter does not come into direct contact with the
participants, such as passively observing families in shopping malls on a Friday evening.
D) Research in which participants would not likely grant approval, such as in a mental
health facility.

C