As children undergo the cognitive developments of middle childhood, their self-concepts focus exclusively on concrete external traits, such as appearance, activities, and living situations

General findings concerning gender differences and IQ scores reveal that

A) women tend to score higher on some spatial ability tasks than men. B) women tend to score higher on some verbal tasks than men. C) women tend to score higher on some advanced math reasoning tasks than do men. D) women tend to score higher on some geographical tasks than men.

Pouncer, a hunting dog, gets excited at any opportunity to go hunting. Pouncer's handlers always wear bright orange clothes while hunting for safety reasons

However, they have noticed recently that a red sweatshirt that one of them wears often makes Pouncer get excited and bark. Pouncer's actions are likely a result of __________ a) negative reinforcement. b) discriminated learning. c) generalization. d) feedback.