Describe the role of metacognition in the emergence of adolescent egocentrism and the presence of an imaginary audience
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
- Adolescents' metacognition abilities enable them to imagine that others are thinking about them, and they may construct elaborate scenarios about others' thoughts.
- Metacognition is the source of adolescent egocentrism, which is a state of self-absorption in which the world is viewed from one's own point of view.
- This egocentrism can lead to the development of an imaginary audience. An imaginary audience consists of fictitious observers who pay as much attention to adolescents' behavior as they do to themselves. Again, this is linked to adolescents' metacognition abilities.
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Describe the sensory and reflexive abilities and preferences of an infant
What will be an ideal response?
You and your spouse want to make it more likely that your preschool child develops self-control. After reading about self-control in your textbook, you tell your spouse,
a. "Honey, we need to be very strict with Junior." b. "Pumpkin pie, we need to do what we can to help Junior develop a concrete plan for resisting temptations." c. "Dear, we need to talk to Junior about temptations and explain to him why they are so attractive." d. "Babe, we're worrying about this a little early. Children can't develop self-control until they're at least elementary school-age."