In which of the following examples is voter participation an independent variable?
a.) In rural areas, voter participation is higher.
b.) Campaigning seems to have no effect on voter participation.
c.) Voter participation has a direct effect on spending on the next cycle of elections.
d.) Charitable donations by candidates have a negative effect on voter participation.
C
Political Science
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Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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a. the Supreme Court b. the United Nations c. the president d. Congress
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