Which of the following is the best example of a proportional tax?
a. All persons, regardless of income, pay a 5 percent tax on the purchase of goods and services.
b. All persons, regardless of income, pay the same amount of money in taxes.
c. All persons, regardless of income, pay the same percentage of their income in taxes.
d. Half the taxpayers pay nothing and the other half pay 25 percent.
e. All persons pay taxes according to their total income level.
c
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When it comes to job approval for Congress, the textbook makes the statement that "it is the perception of the public that really matters." Which, then, of the following statements is true?
a. Observers believe current members of Congress to be more ethical as a whole than Congresses of the past. b. Members of Congress face less scrutiny and fewer rules than at any time since the nation's founding. c. Bipartisanship has led to the gridlock that the general public finds so frustrating. d. Politics attracts those who are less ethical than the average American.
In the 1960s, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution required that districts in the same legislative chamber must be
a. "substantially equal" in population. b. redrawn when a "significant change in the population occurs.". c. redrawn every bicentennial. d. increased when a state legislature votes with a two-thirds majority to redraw the districts.