Describe four themes or issues that often arise in the study of child development

What will be an ideal response?

A good answer will include the following key points:
• Early development is related to later development, but not perfectly (continuity vs. discontinuity issue). This issue addresses the question of how consistently early development is related to later development.
• Development is always jointly influenced by heredity and environment (nature vs. nurture issue). This issue addresses the roles of biology and environment in child development.
• Children determine their own development (active-passive child issue). This issue addresses the question of whether children are at the mercy of their environment or if they actively influence their own development through their own unique individual characteristics.
• Development in different domains is connected. Development in the physical, cognitive, social, and other domains is interrelated.