Which of the following is a key stress hormone released by the adrenal glands?
A) cortisol
B) melatonin
C) insulin
D) substance P
Answer: A
Rationale: Cortisol is a hormone secreted by the cortex of the adrenal glands that prepares the body to respond to stressful circumstances.
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Which of the following is NOT one of the behaviors described by Kanner as an essential feature of autism?
a. a severe inability to focus attention b. extreme isolation and an inability to relate to other people c. a psychological need for sameness d. significant difficulties with communication
Opioid agonists acting in the nucleus accumbens increase dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens by:
a. inhibiting GABA neurons that terminate on dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area. b. binding to opioid receptors on dopamine axon terminals. c. by inhibiting glutamate neurons which no longer inhibit GABA neurons acting on dopamine neurons in the nucleus accumbens. d. inhibiting opioid neurons which terminate in the ventral tegmental area.