An advance directive and an informed consent are considered clinical data

Any conversation within hearing distance of patients should be

A. confidential. B. HIPAA compliant. C. whispered. D. composedonly of legal information.

A 90-year-old female has been experiencing episodes of nocturnal confusion for several weeks. Her lower extremities are swollen, with large, translucent fluid-filled areas resembling blisters on the skin. These areas probably are caused by:

a. an allergic reaction to medication. b. toxicity from an antidepressant medication the patient is taking. c. increased hydrostatic pressure caused by right-sided CHF and sleeping sitting up. d. degenerative effects of old age on the skin of the lower extremities.