Which of the following is true regarding carboxyhemoglobin?
a. Smokers have increased levels.
b. It has hydrogen sulfide added to hemoglobin.
c. Normal people have none.
d. Levels of 15% to 20 % cause coma and death.
ANS: A
Smokers, depending on how much and what they smoke (e.g., cigarettes, cigars), may have as much as 20% carboxyhemoglobin in their blood. The concentration of carboxyhemoglobin in normal blood varies depending on the environment in which a person lives (more in an urban environment, for example, than in a rural location), but it is generally less than 1%. Levels greater than 50% cause coma and death. The addition of hydrogen sulfide to hemoglobin forms sulfhemoglobin.
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A patient is unable to hyperextend the neck enough for an SMV cranial projection (Schueller method). How should the positioning setup be adjusted for an optimal projection to be obtained?
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