Which of the following conditions are associated with chronic production of large volumes of sputum? 1. Bronchiectasis 2. Pulmonary fibrosis 3. Cystic fibrosis 4. Chronic bronchitis

a. 1, 3, and 4 only
b. 2 and 4 only
c. 2, 3, and 4 only
d. 3 and 4 only

ANS: A
Airway clearance therapy has proved effective in aiding secretion clearance and improving pul-monary function in chronic conditions associated with copious sputum production, including cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis, and in certain patients with chronic bronchitis.