Discuss cognitive set and explanatory style as they relate to the etiology of mood disorders
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A cognitive set is a pattern of perceiving the world. Negative cognitive sets cause people to take a negative view of self, world, and future. Explanatory style is the belief that one has little control over the events of one's life. Discuss the work of Aaron Beck and Martin Seligman regarding these two theories of the etiology of mood disorders.
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As a preschooler, Virgil experiences negative emotion intensely and has great difficulty inhibiting his feelings. When frustrated, Virgil is likely to
A) react angrily or aggressively. B) withdraw into a make-believe world. C) stand by helplessly and watch classmates participate in activities without him. D) cry inconsolably and blame others for his situation.
Studies show that the chronic stress of early, deprived orphanage rearing
A) rarely results in serious intellectual deficits, as the brain is especially plastic in early childhood. B) disrupts the brain's capacity to manage stress, with long-term physical and psychological consequences. C) has few long-term consequences, as long as children are adopted by age 4. D) may promote resilience by preparing the brain to manage stress.