Which of the following students provides the most accurate information about the belief-bias effect?

a. Tabitha: "The belief-bias effect means that novices are not as accurate as experts when solving reasoning problems."
b. Pilar: "The belief-bias effect demonstrates that top-down processes are active when we use deductive reasoning."
c. Joell: "Flexible thinkers are especially likely to make mistakes due to the belief-bias effect."
d. Abilash: "The belief-bias effect operates for syllogisms, but not for conditional reasoning problems."

Ans: b