Xavier is doing a research study investigating the moral decision making of people at various ages. He wants to know if older adults see moral issues differently than they would have when they were children,
so he gives his research subjects a moral dilemma and asks them to discuss the various moral issues involved. He then asks them to imagine how they would have answered the same question when they were adolescents. Xavier's research addresses which major issue of developmental psychology?
a. Stability/Change
b. Nature/Nurture
c. Plasticity/Formidity
d. Continuity/Stages
Answer: A
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When Ayanna passes an class, she thinks her success is due to her hard work. When she fails a class, she thinks her failure is due to a lack of hard work. These perceptions reflect a sense of _____ and make it _____ likely that Ayanna will get sick.
a. self-efficacy; less b. optimism; more c. pessimism; more d. control; less
Alejandro cringes and feels panic-stricken every time he drives over a suspension bridge. Which cognitive factor associated with phobias best describes his fear reaction?
A. oversensitivity to threatening cues B. prepared conditioning C. fear of the bridge collapsing D. self-defeating thoughts and irrational beliefs