From the liberal perspective, the essence of international law is ________, or the inclusion of all states.

Which of the following statements about Japan's debt is INCORRECT? a. Japan has sought to decrease its debt only by cutting spending, rather than raising revenue

b. Japan has the highest debt-to-GNP ration among OECD countries. c. Servicing the national debt consumed about a quarter of Japan's 2013 budget. d. One reason for Japan's large debt is that it has paid for increased social welfare costs by issuing government bonds. e. Japan's outstanding debt per citizen is just slightly higher than that of the United States.

Suppose that the United States decides to enter into a bilateral economic agreement with the African Union. Which world-level organization has the authority to ensure that both sides comply with the agreement in good faith?

a. The United Nations has this authority over member nations. b. NATO has this authority but only for Western nations. c. The World Bank has ultimate arbitration authority over international economic disputes. d. There is no organization with this authority.