What measure must be established prior to the treatment variable to measure its effectiveness?
a) baseline
b) measure of internal validity
c) measure of external validity
d) pretest data range
a
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As commander in chief the president __________
a. has executive power over the military b. can declare war c. has administrative authority over the military d. can introduce American troops into hostile foreign lands without congressional approval
Texas agency heads appointed by the governor directly, as opposed to those appointed by boards and commissions, are seen usually as
A) more powerful because of their access to the governor and because they are part of the governor's political team. B) less efficient because of their political obligations to the governor. C) less responsive to the interests of the public because of their political involvement with the governor. D) less capable because governors tend to appoint friends and allies while board and commissions tend to appoint professional administrators. E) more capable because governors tend to appoint friends and allies from the private sector while boards and commissions tend to appoint professional bureaucrats.