Which of the following best describes the ligament(s) that provide(s) the most resistance to tensile forces in 30 ° of closed kinetic chain flexion of the tibiofemoral joint?
a. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
b. ACL and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
c. Medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
d. PCL, MCL, and LCL
ANS: B
The ACL limits anterior translation of the tibia in open kinetic chain activity. In a closed kinetic chain motion, this would limit the posterior translation of the femur on the tibia. The PCL provides the opposite stabilizing force. Both ligaments are taut in extension and appear to provide the best resistance to external forces in 30 ° of knee flexion during closed kinetic chain activity.
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