The __________ is an advisory group chosen by presidents. The group rarely functions as a decision-making body, but officers are powerful because they head giant administrative organizations

Who pardoned Richard Nixon?

a. Hubert Humphrey b. Lyndon Johnson c. Jimmy Carter d. Gerald Ford e. George H. W. Bush

The president's implied or inherent power to withhold information on the grounds that such information would affect either national security or the president's ability to discharge official duties

a. is referred to as executive privilege. b. is referred to as an executive agreement. c. is no longer valid. d. has no precedent in the history of the United States. e. is not allowed under the Constitution.