Michael lives in a community where social networks are small and stable, and safety is found among people you know. Mitch lives in a community where social networks are diverse and often changing, and where safety is found in numbers, even among strangers. These differences involve what dimension of diversity discussed in Chapter 7?

Bryce knows that the rest of the class got D's and F's on a difficult exam, so he is happy with a C, even though he knows he could have gotten an A with a little more effort. Bryce's motivation best matches _____

a) mastery/avoidance. b) performance/approach. c) performance/avoidance. d) mastery/performance.

In the original learned helplessness model, people were said to experience learned helplessness when they

A. encountered obstacles they could not overcome. B. encountered aversive events. C. generalized their inability to control one aversive event to a situation they might be able to control. D. gave up trying after they realized they could not do anything about an aversive situation.