When the president says that "High inflation rates are a much more serious economic problem than high unemployment rates," it is an example of

The concept of diminishing marginal rate of substitution indicates that

A) as the consumption of good X increases, individuals are willing to give up an increasing amount of good Y in order to obtain one more unit of good X. B) as the consumption of good X increases, individuals are willing to give up a decreasing amount of good Y in order to obtain one more unit of good X. C) along an indifference curve, a consumer prefers the consumption combinations moving to the northwest along the curve. D) None of the above answers is correct.

When the Phillips curve was viewed as a structural relationship, it was believed that the Fed could

A) permanently reduce the unemployment rate if it were willing to accept an increase in the inflation rate. B) permanently reduce the inflation rate as it permanently reduced the unemployment rate. C) permanently reduce the unemployment rate if it were willing to increase the real interest rate. D) permanently reduce the inflation rate if it were willing to decrease the real interest rate.