Lump sum grants are sometimes referred to as categorical grants.

In the long run, increases in output per person arise primarily from:

A. increases in female labor force participation. B. increases in average labor productivity. C. an increasing proportion of the population retiring D. increases in male labor force participation.

Cross-sectional analysis of age-earnings profiles of natives and immigrants in the United States tends to reveal that immigrants earn

A. the same on average as natives at all ages. B. lower wages on average than natives at all ages. C. lower wages on average than natives at young ages but earn equivalent to natives by age 45 and thereafter. D. about 10% more on average than natives at young ages but this premium disappears by age 45 and thereafter. E. lower wages on average than natives at young ages but earn about 10% more than natives by age 45 and thereafter.