Which of the following laws is responsible for the ban on cigarette advertisements in France?

A shortage occurs in a replenishment cycle

A) only if the demand during the lead time exceeds the ROP. B) only if the demand during the lead time is less than the ROP. C) only if the demand during the lead time exceeds the average demand. D) only if the demand during the lead time is less than the average demand.

Which of the following is referred to as the bottom-up aspect of the budgeting process?

A) lower-level managers setting their individual targets that aggregate to be the company-wide target B) senior managers consulting middle- and lower-level managers to investigate any deviations from the budget C) lower-level managers implementing the budgets with senior managers monitoring progress and investigating deviations D) lower-level managers providing inputs to the budgeting process based on their specialized knowledge