When a researcher repeats an earlier experiment but includes some novel elements, this process is called

Jerry wants to improve his studying. He observes and records the times when he studies. Observing and recording your own behavior is called:

a. private observation b. self-monitoring c. independent recording d. direct recording

According to Lazarus, a person's perceived ability to cope with harm or threat would be called

A) ?primary appraisal. B) ?secondary appraisal. C) ?reappraisal. D) ?vulnerability.