Which of the following argues that international capitalism has made the lesser developed countries dependent upon the economically developed countries, effectively precluding them from successfully following the model of the developed Western states?

The electoral competition model suggests that __________

a. Democratic candidates will become more liberal as the campaign progresses b. Republican candidates will become more conservative as the campaign progresses c. Republican and Democratic candidates will move from moderate positions to more extreme positions as the campaign progresses d. Republican and Democratic candidates will move toward the median voter as the campaign progresses

Which of the following would be the least likely to qualify for a strict scrutiny or even a heightened scrutiny test by the Supreme Court to determine whether the policy is an unconstitutional violation of the equal protection clause?

a. preventing whites from attending schools designed to serve African American students b. voter redistricting plans based on the ethnic makeup of various neighborhoods c. a national hotel chain's policy of requiring proof of citizenship when registering d. having different minimum ages for men and women to marry