According to the text, when Sarah Coyne and her colleagues studied the content of novels

intended for adolescent readers, they found that the vast majority of substance abuse
incidents in those novels were:

a. not associated with any particular consequences—positive or negative.
b. associated with positive consequences.
c. associated with negative consequences.
d. incidents in which adults abused substances—not the adolescents.
e. incidents in which the substance abuser was a female.

a.