Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is associated with which of the following?
a. Air trapping
b. Biotrauma
c. Patient-ventilator asynchrony
d. Ventilator-associated pneumonia
ANS: B
VILI is a lung injury that occurs at the level of the acinus. It is the microscopic level of injury that includes biotrauma, shear stress, and surfactant depletion (atelectrauma). The term ventila-tor-associated lung injury (VALI) is generally used to refer to lung injury identified as being a consequence of mechanical ventilation. The most common forms of VALI are ventila-tor-associated pneumonia (VAP), air trapping, patient-ventilator asynchrony, and extra-alveolar gas (barotrauma), such as pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum.
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Codes for ESWL are assigned laterally, with modifier -50 appended for a bilateral procedure
A) True B) False
Which of the following questions would provide the best quality and quantity of relevant information?
A) "What time do you normally eat breakfast?" B) "When was the last time you had anything to eat or drink?" C) "What have you had to eat and drink today?" D) "Have you had breakfast?"