Instrumental aggression involves forceful behavior that is an angry retaliation for someone else's actions

One of the best ways to handle personal criticism is to take it as

a. a matter which requires immediate action b. the reflection of another person's envy c. a matter that requires you to defend yourself d. a cue that action may be required

What is the term that is used to describe the decline in physical functioning that takes place due to lifestyle behaviors such as unhealthy diet, insufficient exercise and substance use, as well as environmental influences such as pollution?

a. primary aging b. secondary aging c. tertiary aging d. quaternary aging