What percent of the privately held national debt was owed to foreign investors in 2012?

When a country moves away from a free trade position and imposes a tariff on imports, it causes

a. a decrease in total surplus in the market. b. a decrease in producer surplus in the market. c. an increase in consumer surplus in the market. d. a decrease in revenue to the government.

The 12 Federal Reserve Banks can best be characterized as:

A. central banks, banker's banks, and quasi-public banks. B. investment banks, banker's banks, and public banks. C. national banks, quasi-public banks, and investment banks. D. regional banks, public banks, and member banks.