What is meant by each of the following?

Pixel
Kilobyte
RGB
Loop
HSV
Flowchart
Infinite loop
Variable scope
Array
Matrix
JPEG
Column-major order
Pixelization
Luminance

A pixel is a picture element. It is one dot on your computer monitor.
A kilobyte is one thousand bytes.
The term RGB stands for Red, Green, and Blue color encoding. The amount of red, green, and blue is stored for each pixel in a picture.
The term loop means to execute a statement or block of statements one or more times.
The term HSV stands for Hue, Saturation, and Value color encoding.
A flowchart is a picture that represents the flow of a program.
An infinite loop is one that never stops executing.
The term variable scope means area is which the variable name is known. For example, variables that you declare in a method are only known in that method. Variables that you declare in the interactions pane are only known in the interactions pane.
An array is a sequence of elements, each with an index number associated with it. Arrays are a great way to store lots of data of the same type.
A matrix is a 2-dimensional array. It has two indicies for each element of the matrix. One index is for the row and the other for the column.
The JPEG format is an international standard for how to store images with high quality but in little space. It is a lossy compression format meaning that it doesn’t store the whole image but the parts that are lost are parts you wouldn’t notice anyway.
This is when a 2-dimensional array stores elements so that you access them using matrix[column][row].
The effect when the digitization process becomes obvious is called pixelization. You can see the pixels when you zoom in on a picture.
Our perception of the amount of light in a color is called the luminance of the color.