If the production aspect of an industrial organization is regarded to be influenced only by formal job and organizational design, then by making use of which theory can this perspective be altered, and how?
a) Hawthorne effect; by recognizing the importance of individual workers in the overall process of productio
b) Theory X–Theory Y; by accepting the basic assumptions about the nature of individual workers inherent in both scientific and humanistic theories of management and organization
c) Participative management; by basing an employee-centered management on effectively functioning groups linked together structurally throughout the organization
d) Principles of coordination; by characterizing conflict as potentially constructive and describing collective responsibility and integration as supportive of business excellence
A
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The dialogic theory of mass communication centers on two-way communication, attempting to communicate with others instead of just speaking to or at them
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Which of the following is not true of volume when speaking?
a. The speaker should always maintain the same volume. b. The speaker may need to speak louder in conference room. c. The speaker in a gymnasium would want to be heard by those in the last row. d. These are all true of volume.