Advertising copy tests, brand health tracking studies, and return on marketing investment models are all examples of ________

Crandal Dockworks is undergoing a major expansion. The expansion will be financed by issuing

new 15-year, $1,000 par, 9% annual coupon bonds. The market price of the bonds is $1,070 each. Crandal's flotation expense on the new bonds will be $50 per bond. Crandal's marginal tax rate is 35%. What is the pre-tax cost of debt for the newly-issued bonds? A) 10.25% B) 8.76% C) 7.49% D) 8.12%

Employee earnings:

A) correlate directly with employee job satisfaction. B) are the most important factor in job acceptance. C) are relatively easy for organizations to manage. D) affect employees economically and psychologically.