The denotation of a word consists of the meaning we associate with the word, based on our past experiences

Negative perceptions of hurtful messages increase under all of the following circumstances EXCEPT when

a. message is emphasized with high intensity. b. harsh negative language is used. c. the individual who is targeted in the message has high self-esteem. d. the message occurs in presence of others.

Van Veenen states that because in ODR people do not meet in person, there are some advantages to the process. Which one is not one of them?

a. It reduces the threat of a face-to-face confrontation. b. Disputants can read each other’s body language. c. It reduces the perception of power differences. d. People may be more likely to advance their issues in the ODR environment.