Which of the following stack operations is not likely to cause an exception to be thrown?

a) adding an item to the stack when the stack is full
b) adding an item that has the same value as one that is already in the stack
c) removing an item when the stack is empty
d) all of a), b), and c)
e) All of these are likely to cause an exception to be thrown

b) adding an item that has the same value as one that is already in the stack