Our general understanding of value is that it is a mode of thought that can influence

the way we think about things and about the behaviors in which we engage. What do we
do in this "value-thinking mode"?

(a) We isolate a particular value that seems to apply to the "something" that is the
value object of a proposition.
(b) We make subjective, judgmental statements about people, places, ideas, and
artifacts.
(c) We describe the nature and extensiveness of a disparity.
(d) We test a hypothesis that derives from a moral or ethical position.

B