What is the technique of accenting weak beats of a rhythm in a way that adds musical interest called?

The rhythmic construction of the polyphonic voices in this music can be compared to which element of the Gothic cathedral?

a) the textural complexity of the façade with gables, crockets, finials, and spires b) the multiple directional forces of the vault and buttressing systems c) the diversity of colors and shapes that make up the stained glass windows d) the number and array of apsidal chapels in the ambulatory choir

During this era, the only toe-hold of European occupation claimed by the Islamic peoples was in which of the following countries?

A. Ireland B. Italy C. Spain D. France