Pick two of the following disorders and describe their main differences: insomnia, sleep apnea, narcolepsy, night terrors, and nightmares

What will be an ideal response?

Insomnia refers to difficulties in either going to sleep or staying asleep through the night. Insomnia is associated with a number of daytime complaints, including fatigue, impairment of concentration, memory difficulty, and lack of well-being.

Sleep apnea refers to repeated periods during sleep when a person stops breathing for 10 seconds or longer. The person may repeatedly stop breathing, momentarily wake up, resume breathing, and return to sleep. Repeated awakenings leave the person exhausted during the day but not knowing the cause of the tiredness.

Narcolepsy is a chronic disorder that is marked by excessive sleepiness, usually in the form of sleep attacks or short periods of sleep throughout the day. The sleep attacks are accompanied by brief periods of REM sleep and loss of muscle control, which may be triggered by big emotional changes.

Night terrors, which occur during stage 3 or 4 (delta sleep), are frightening experiences that
often start with a piercing scream, followed by sudden waking in a fearful state with rapid breathing and increased heart rate. However, the next morning the child has no memory of the frightening experience. About 3% to 7% of children have night terrors.

Nightmares, which occur during REM sleep, are very frightening and anxiety producing images that occur during dreaming. Nightmares usually involve great danger, such as being attacked, injured, or pursued. Upon awakening, the person can usually describe the nightmare in great detail.