A researcher who believes in a certain theory may unintentionally record behaviors that provide support for the theory. This effect is called
*
a. observer bias.
b. observer drift.
c. behavioral checking.
d. theoretical reactivity.
445 One way to reduce the effects of observer bias is to create
a. one/zero sampling.
b. behavior checklists.
c. continuous real-time measurement.
d. particularistic research.
B
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Of the following,which is the most reliable method for calculating crowd sizes for demonstrations and rallies?
a. ticket stubs b. aerial photography c. taking estimates from spokespersons d. physical counting
Utilitarianism asserts that an action is ethical if
a. the actor follows a basic rule as a guide to action. b. a majority of people support it. c. it results in the greatest good for the greatest number of persons. d. it is sanctioned by governmental authority.