The president best known for his use of patronage without necessarily being known as the “patronage” president, was

How do we know that the opinions of people who call in to radio talk shows are not typical of most Americans?

a. As a sample, they are unrepresentative of the whole population. b. As a sample, they are perfectly random. c. As a sample, they lack intensity. d. As a sample, their opinions are ill formed.

Proportional representation is a system

a. in which most of the seats in the legislature are distributed to the party that receives the majority of votes. b. in which seats in the legislature are distributed in proportion to the number of votes that a party receives. c. in which all parties participating in an election are guaranteed a certain number of seats. d. that tends to have only two major parties. e. that is inherently unfair because it hinders minor parties.