Sampson and Laub's research on delinquent and nondelinquent youths in Boston found delinquency was greater when bonds with which social institutions were weakest?

When researchers are interested in studying the relationship between variables that cannot be manipulated they are likely to use which of the following methods?

a. naturalistic observation b. correlational methods c. experimental methods d. case studies

In nonhuman animals, the most common circumstances under which communication occurs are

A) feeding and labor. B) hunting and food distribution. C) aggression and mating. D) mating and food distribution.