In the above figure, the firm will shut down if price falls below

The railroad companies of Pacific Union and Central Pacific were both built with massive government subsidies often on a per-mile basic in the late 19th century, which created railroad monopolies. Both failed soon after completion of their lines

The Great Northern railroad took much longer to build since it was completed without government subsidies. It turned out to be much more successful than either Pacific Union or Central Pacific. What could account for this apparent disparity?

Which type of demand for money causes the demand for money curve to slope downward?

a. Speculative demand. b. Precautionary demand. c. Transactions demand. d. Foreign-exchange demand.