Define path dependency.
What will be an ideal response?
Whether simply because it is difficult to change ongoing programs, or because of the positive reinforcement that programs receive, once policies are initiated, they tend to be “path dependent”--in other words, they tend to follow the status quo unless there is some sufficient external shock that can disrupt the stability and create a new equilibrium in the policy.
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Which of the following best describes the pendulum (or cyclical) effect of legislative–executive relations in foreign policy?
a. Power flows towards the president in war time and toward Congress in peace time. b. Power flows towards the president in peace time and toward Congress in war time. c. Congress seeks extensive emergency powers during wartime. d. The public rallies behind Congress in times of emergencies.
Who serves on the Joint Chiefs of Staff?
a. the cabinet secretaries b. the leaders of the armed forces c. the president's foreign policy advisers d. the White House military intelligence corps