Jasmine took a self-administered online intelligence test three times yesterday and obtained scores of 124, 128, and 125. This made her feel great because the score she received from the psychologist last month at school was only a 95
What characteristic might the online test be lacking?
A) Reliability
B) Validity
C) Both reliability and validity
D) Nothing, the test appears to have both reliability and validity.
Answer: B
Rationale: Validity refers to the degree to which an instrument or procedure actually measures what it claims to measure. In this example, the test is clearly reliable because she received approximately the same score each time. However, because the score is drastically higher than she received on the professionally administered test, it is likely that the online test is not actually measuring her intelligence.
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Jeremy has always been a very eloquent speaker and speech-writer. For his college oratory class, Jeremy was recently required to write and deliver a speech in support of capital punishment
Although Jeremy is strongly opposed to the death penalty, he wrote and delivered a very powerful speech in support of the death penalty. As a result, his professor and several students now believe Jeremy actually supports the death penalty. Why might this be the case? A) The professor and students must have been persuaded to support capital punishment by Jeremy's speech. B) The professor and students implicitly believe that only someone who really hold a particular opinion can persuasively write or speak about it. C) The professor and students themselves must strongly support capital punishment and see Jeremy as a potential ally in their beliefs. D) Eloquence and persuasiveness are fundamental aspects of Asch's central and peripheral traits theory. E) The theory of correspondent inference suggests that most people will not accept Jeremy's position as his own.
In comparison to the photopic system, the scotopic system has more
A) rods. B) neural convergence. C) receptors in the periphery of the retina. D) sensitivity in dim illumination. E) all of the above