Which of Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development is characterized by abstract and hypothetical thinking?

Which of the following young women best summarizes the information on menstrual pain and PMS?

a. Lizzie: "Pain, PMS, it's all just part of what women have to live with every month.". b. Maria: "Although few women experience menstrual pain, most women experience some symptoms of PMS.". c. Nadja: "Most women experience some menstrual pain, but estimates of the extent of PMS are more controversial.". d. Olivia: "The research finds support for cyclical variation in mood swings, but finds no support for the existence of menstrual pain.".

When preschoolers first begin to write, they begin to differentiate between the written marks from the things they actually represent

Indicate whether the statement is true or false