By 4 to 5 years children understand that boys continue to be boys, and girls continue to be girls. This understanding is known as gender ________

All of the following are associated with the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder EXCEPT:

A. Intrusion symptoms (e.g., memories, dreams). B. Symptoms for < 1 month. C. Negative changes in thoughts or mood (e.g., negative beliefs about oneself; feeling detached). D. Alterations in arousal (e.g., angry outbursts, hypervigilance).

Which of these is an example of naturalistic observation?

A) testing a rat running a maze B) counting how often a group of children talk to each other C) watching a person memorize a list of items in a laboratory D) giving a personalitytest to a group of adolescents